Pig Iron is the result of the first smelting of ore very high in carbon and silica plus other impurities back in the day it was molded in a long trench with several out cropping ingot sized molds in the sand or dirt. the long trench or runner was called the sow which serves the same purpose as sprew runners in molds . once the raw iron had cooled the ingots were broken off from the sow or runner hence the term pig iron. these pigs would be heated again to white hot now this is called a sponge and the sponge is beaten and beaten to remove more of the impurities then reheated again in a cauldron until liquified this would be poured into molds and now once cooled would be cast iron or while being heated certain elements could be added to make steel which would be hammered and hammered while cooling the now steel can be heated again and forged or forced through dies to form shapes or long bars which could be rolled into sheets
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